'Low birth rate causes fear of economic stagnation in UK'

Falling fertility rates will deepen the country's "baby bust" with a long-term trend toward people having fewer children, Xinhua news agency quoted the London-based Social Market Foundation (SMF) as saying in the report released on Monday.

The report added that it could leave the UK with fewer workers, a weaker economy and unsustainable public finances.

In 2020, the number of children per woman, also known as the total fertility rate (TFR), stood at 1.58 in England and Wales, almost half the post-WWII peak of 2.93.

Since the early 1970s, the TFR has been below the critical replacement rate of 2.1 children.

The SMF said depending on the scale of immigration and trends in life expectancy, the UK could see its population shrinking in the 21st century.

Aveek Bhattacharya, the chief economist at the SMF, said: "The question of whether the government should intervene to try and increase the birth rate is clearly a sensitive topic that must be delicately handled.

"However, given the alarming fall in fertility rates, and the risks that population ageing poses to our social and economic wellbeing, it is a discussion we should not duck."

The report suggested that effective interventions could include payments to parents, greater parental leave entitlement and cheaper childcare, warning such policies could be very costly and only deliver modest increases in the birth-rate.