A New Potential: Making a pitch for first woman to lead the UN

If the civil society initiative Forward has its way, the portrait of a woman would be the next to be hung on the grand walls of the entrance area — namely the portrait of former Ecuadorian president Rosalia Arteaga. Does she have a realistic chance of succeeding? Probably not, since it is almost certain Antonio Guterres, Portugal’s former prime minister, will be confirmed for the top job later this year. Given that Guterres is supposed to represent the interests of 7 billion people and 193 member states, not much is being said with respect to his reelection — which is, however, something of an unwritten law. To date, there has only been one exception to the rule that every Secretary General who ran for a second term was re-elected. There is something in the way the UN chief is elected. 

A long road to the top post 

“The selection process is obscure, undemocratic and you don’t have a say,” said Colombe Cahen-Salvador who, together with Andrea Venzon, initiated the campaign to have a woman elected one month ago. Both are experienced when it comes to this kind of mobilisation — co-founding the pan-European political movement “Volt.” Since beginning their campaign, they have managed to mobilise 8,000 supporters in London and found two candidates to run as part of the team — Arteaga and Argentinian diplomat Paula Bertol. Forward followers from 71 countries have pledged their support. 

Their primary aim is to direct attention to the fact that elections for the key post are still partially held behind closed doors. “The truth is we are in 2021, and our politics is stuck 50 years [in the past],” Venzon told DW. “We really need to step it up.” The UN charter stipulates that the UN Secretary General is nominated by the Security Council, then elected by the UN General Assembly. Since the five permanent members of the Security Council have veto power, a candidate must have their support if they wish to succeed. Several members, including China and Britain, have already expressed their support for Guterres. In addition to this, there are a number of unwritten rules. A candidate must, for example, be endorsed by a member state. This has always been the case, although it is not explicitly stated anywhere. And there should be geographical rotation — that is, for example, a Secretary General from Africa is succeeded by a candidate from Asia. When and exactly how a candidate is nominated by the Security Council remains unclear. This year, nominations will take place sometime between May and October. 

The degree of transparency during the election of Antonio Guterres as Secretary General five years ago was unprecedented. The General Assembly adopted a resolution which laid down the details of the selection process. For the first time ever, all candidates had to present a vision of their work: there were public hearings and Q & A sessions with members of civil society. 

On paper, Rosalia Arteaga meets many of the requirements a UN Secretary General has to fulfill — both officially and unofficially. For a short period, she was president of Ecuador, the country’s vice president, has had experience as a cabinet minister and as secretary general of a major organisation. In addition, she hails from Latin America, the region which, according to Cahen-Salvador, is “next in line.” In order to become an official candidate, Security Council and General Assembly presidents must declare the candidate in a letter. To date, this has only happened when a member state submitted a proposal. Otherwise, the candidacy remains symbolic.