Pence views Japan's missile defence with North Korea on agenda for talks

Pence watched the battery raised to a firing position and got a briefing before shaking hands with members of the Self-Defense Forces, as Japan's military is known. He was accompanied by Japanese Defence Minister Itsunori Onodera and Japan's highest ranking military officer, Admiral Katsutoshi Kawano.

Noting North Korea's advances in missile technology and China's increasing maritime assertiveness, Onodera said: "I'm happy to have the opportunity to deepen the U.S. understanding of Japan's tough security environment."

Pence will meet Prime Minister Shinzo Abe later on Wednesday for talks expected to showcase the tight U.S.-Japan security alliance in the face of the threat from North Korea's nuclear and missile programmes.

His trip to South Korea from Thursday will coincide with a visit to the Games by North Korea's ceremonial leader, Kim Yong Nam, the most senior North Korean official to enter the South since the 1950-53 Korean War ended with a truce.

Pence stopped short of ruling out the prospect of meeting senior North Korean officials but President Donald Trump has cast doubt on U.S. negotiations with Pyongyang any time soon. The White House has also cautioned against reading too much into remarks made by Pence en route to Japan.

Pence said before arriving his message to the North was clear: Washington and its allies would keep pressing Pyongyang to give up its missile and nuclear programmes.

"... my message -- whatever the setting, whoever is present -- will be the same. And that is that North Korea must once and for all abandon its nuclear weapons programme and ballistic missile ambitions," he told reporters during the flight to Japan.

Abe's close aide, Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga, reiterated Japan's tough stance. "We must not be fooled by North Korea's 'smile diplomacy'," Suga said.

North Korea test-fired ballistic missiles over Japan last year, as well as a new type of intercontinental ballistic missile that climbed to an altitude of more than 4,000 km (2,485 miles) before splashing into the sea within Japan's exclusive economic zone. Concern about North Korea is pushing Japan to update its missile defence.

Besides extending the range and increasing the accuracy of its Patriot system, it will add two U.S.-made ground-based Aegis radar stations and interceptors and plans to add to its arsenal air-fired cruise missiles that can strike North Korean missile sites.

Pence is also likely to stress the need for close coordination among the United States, Japan and South Korea over the North's threat at a time when ties between Seoul and Tokyo have been frayed by the bitter legacy of a history that includes Japan's 1910-1945 colonisation of the Korean peninsula.

He will also meet Japanese Finance Minister Taro Aso, who doubles as deputy premier and is Pence's counter-part in economic talks, although trade friction is expected to take a backseat to security during Pence's visit.