Mother tongue medium of instruction, skill education from Class 6: NEP 2020

• Mother tongue to be a medium of instruction till 5th grade (preferably till Class 8 and beyond) 
• Sanskrit to be offered at all levels of school and higher education as an option for students, including in the threelanguage formula
• No language will be imposed on any student and several foreign languages will also be offered at the secondary level 
• All students will take school examinations in grades 3, 5, and 8 
• The Cabinet also approved changing the name of the HRD Ministry to Education Ministry 
• Vocational education to start from Class 6 with internships
• Class 10 and 12 board exams will continue, but redesigned with holistic development as the aim 
• The 10+2 structure of school curricula is to be replaced by a 5+3+3+4 curricular structure corresponding to ages 3-8, 8-11, 11-14, and 14-18 years respectively
• The new system will have 12 years of schooling with three years of Anganwadi/ pre-schooling
• NCERT will develop a framework of the early childhood education of children up to the age of 8 
• The states and UTs will be required to set up independent State School Standards Authority (SSSA) 
• Higher Education Commission of India (HECI) will be set up as a single overarching umbrella body for all institutions
• MPhil courses are to be discontinued 
• Govt approved a plan to increase public spending on education to nearly 6% of GDP from around 4% now 
• Children with disabilities can participate in the regular schooling process 
• The policy, which was framed in 1986 and revised in 1992, had not been revised since then 
• A new National Assessment Centre, PARAKH (Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development), will be set up as a standard-setting body 
• The NEP aims to increase Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education, including vocational education from 26.3% (2018) to 50% by 2035. At least 3.5 crore new seats will be added to institutions
• UG education can be of 3 or 4 years with multiple entry and exit options and appropriate certification
• Multidisciplinary Education and Research Universities (MERUs), on a par with IITs, IIMs, to be set up

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